{"id":3844,"date":"2022-02-09T18:33:49","date_gmt":"2022-02-09T15:33:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/delux.com.tr\/tr\/?p=3844"},"modified":"2023-09-12T10:07:40","modified_gmt":"2023-09-12T07:07:40","slug":"tarihe-yolculuk-aizanoi-antik-kenti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/delux.com.tr\/dt\/tatil-hakkinda\/tarihe-yolculuk-aizanoi-antik-kenti\/","title":{"rendered":"Tarihe Yolculuk: Aizanoi Antik Kenti"},"content":{"rendered":"

Medeniyetler bah\u00e7esi Anadolu<\/strong>\u2019nun ke\u015ffi devam eden antik kentlerinden birisi olan Aizanoi\u2019de bug\u00fcnlerde heyecan verici geli\u015fmeler ya\u015fan\u0131yor. UNESCO D\u00fcnya Miras\u0131 Ge\u00e7ici Listesi\u2019nde yer alan antik kentte Afrodit ile Dionysos heykellerinin ba\u015f k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n bulunmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan aral\u0131k ay\u0131n\u0131n ilk g\u00fcnlerinde Yunan mitolojisinde Herakles olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan Herk\u00fcl\u2019\u00fcn de heykeline ula\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. Haydi \u015fimdi tarihte k\u0131sa bir yolculu\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kal\u0131m ve Aizanoi\u2019yi yak\u0131ndan tan\u0131yal\u0131m\u2026<\/p>\n<\/div>

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Aizanoi Antik Kenti’nin Tarih\u00e7esi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Roma d\u00f6nemi \u00f6ncesine ait hen\u00fcz \u00e7ok fazla bilgi sahibi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z Aizanoi Kenti\u2019nin ge\u00e7mi\u015fi M.\u00d6. 3000 y\u0131l\u0131na de\u011fin gidiyor. Frigya\u2019ya ba\u011fl\u0131 Aizanitisler\u2019in ana yerle\u015fim noktas\u0131 olan kent, Helenistik \u00e7a\u011fda b\u00f6lge Bergama\u2019ya ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r ancak M.\u00d6 133 y\u0131l\u0131nda Roma egemenli\u011fine girer. Roma d\u00f6neminde ihti\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fckselten Aizanoi, tah\u0131l, \u015farap ve y\u00fcn \u00fcretimi ile zenginle\u015fir ve \u00fcn\u00fc b\u00f6lge s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015far. Kesin kentle\u015fme bulgular\u0131na dair detaylar ise 1. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lar.<\/p>\n<\/div>

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Aizanoi\u2019nin Tarih Sayfas\u0131ndaki \u00d6nemi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Aizanoi\u2019nin \u00f6nemini anlatmaya kentin en parlak d\u00f6nemlerinden bahsederek ba\u015flayal\u0131m. Tarih 2 ve 3. y\u00fczy\u0131lda akarken kent t\u00fcm g\u00f6rkemi ve bereketiyle ihti\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcr. Hatta Anadolu\u2019nun en b\u00fcy\u00fck Zeus tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bar\u0131nd\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Bizans d\u00f6neminde de piskoposluk merkezi olur. Aizanoi\u2019nin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir antik tiyatrosu vard\u0131r ve hemen yan\u0131nda stadion yani stadyum, ikisi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde dahi kullan\u0131labilir durumda olan be\u015f tane k\u00f6pr\u00fc, iki hamam, baraj, mezar alanlar\u0131 ve s\u00fctunlu caddeler tarihi kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda g\u00f6sterilebilir.\"\"<\/p>\n

Zaman Helenistik \u00e7a\u011fa do\u011fru evrilirken kent Bergama Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019na ba\u011flan\u0131r fakat M.\u00d6 133 y\u0131l\u0131nda Roma egemenli\u011fine dahil olur. Bu d\u00f6nemle birlikte \u00fcretim g\u00fcc\u00fc y\u00fckselir ve bilinirli\u011fi s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 a\u015far. Ancak 7. y\u00fczy\u0131la geldi\u011fimizde \u00f6nemini yitirmeye ba\u015flar. Sel\u00e7uklular\u2019\u0131n Aizanoi\u2019yi ele ge\u00e7irmesi ile buras\u0131 \u00e7avdar tarlalar\u0131 alan\u0131 haline gelir hatta \u00f6yle ki 1200\u2019l\u00fc y\u0131llar\u0131n ard\u0131ndan b\u00f6lgenin ismi \u00c7avdarhisar olarak de\u011fi\u015fir. 1926 y\u0131l\u0131nda Alman arkeologlar\u0131n ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kaz\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ile yeniden g\u00fcn y\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan Aizanoi\u2019de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de devam ediyor. Bug\u00fcnlerde yo\u011fun k\u0131\u015f ko\u015fullar\u0131 nedeniyle kaz\u0131lara ara verilen antik kentte yeniden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar nisan ay\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda ba\u015flayacak.<\/p>\n<\/div>

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D\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u0130lk Borsas\u0131 Binas\u0131 Aizanoi\u2019de Kurulmu\u015ftu<\/strong><\/p>\n

Anadolu\u2019da bulunan bir\u00e7ok antik kentte mermer bloklar \u00fczerinde genellikle \u0131\u015f\u0131k ve bitki motifleri ile aslan ve di\u011fer hayvan fig\u00fcrleri ile s\u0131kl\u0131kla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. Fakat Aizanoi ezberleri bozuyor ve burada s\u0131kl\u0131kla kad\u0131n ve di\u015fi fig\u00fcrlerin kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. \u00c7avdarhisar Kasabas\u0131 bug\u00fcn g\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcze olduk\u00e7a k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de kendi d\u00f6neminde Aizanoi g\u00f6rkemli bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcme sahip ve geli\u015fmi\u015f bir medeniyete sahip. Hatta d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ilk borsa binas\u0131 olan yap\u0131n\u0131n temelleri de kent s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde bulunuyor.<\/p>\n

Aizanoi Antik Kenti\u2019nde Bulunan Eserler Nelerdir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczden y\u00fczlerce y\u0131l \u00f6nce Anadolu\u2019nun en bereketli ve geli\u015fmi\u015f kentlerinden birisi olarak say\u0131lan Aizanoi\u2019de tarihi de\u011feri y\u00fcksek bir\u00e7ok yap\u0131 ve eserler bulunuyor.<\/p>\n<\/div>

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Zeus Tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu yap\u0131ya dair ilk s\u00f6yleyece\u011fimiz \u015fey d\u00fcnyada bir benzerinin daha olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131. Hem yap\u0131 plan\u0131 kendine has hem de d\u00fcnya \u00fczerinde g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze en sa\u011flam \u015fekilde ula\u015fan Zeus Tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131 \u00f6zelli\u011fine sahip. Son \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda elde edilen bulgularda tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131n kuzeybat\u0131 al\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda orta akroterde bir kad\u0131n b\u00fcst\u00fcn\u00fcn yer almas\u0131 bu tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131n hem Zeus\u2019a hem de bereket tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 Kybele\u2019ye adanm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funun i\u015fareti.\"\"<\/p>\n<\/div>

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Stadyum ve Tiyatro<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bir\u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131dan benzersiz olan Aizanoi, stadyum ve tiyatro kombinasyonunda da e\u015fsiz. M.S 160 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131m\u0131na ba\u015flanan yap\u0131n\u0131n elde edilen bilgilere g\u00f6re yap\u0131m s\u00fcresi olduk\u00e7a uzun s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f ve M.S 3. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ortalar\u0131na kadar devam etmi\u015f. Stadyumun oturma s\u0131ralar\u0131 \u00e7okgen bi\u00e7imli ve bu da yap\u0131n\u0131n ortas\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015flemesine neden olmu\u015f. Stadyum ve tiyatro binalar\u0131 birbirlerine yap\u0131\u015f\u0131kt\u0131r ve stadyumun tiyatroya bakan cephesi mermerle kapl\u0131 bir duvarla ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yuvarlak Yap\u0131 – Macellum ve Ge\u00e7 Antik S\u00fctunlu Cadde<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kentin g\u00fcneyine do\u011fru ilerledi\u011fimizde M.S 2. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda -y\u00fcksek olas\u0131l\u0131kla g\u0131da pazar\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, yuvarlak bir yap\u0131 bulunuyor. Macellum olan yap\u0131n\u0131n duvarlar\u0131nda \u0130mparator Diocletian\u2019\u0131n 301 y\u0131l\u0131nda enflasyona kar\u015f\u0131 \u00fccret tespitlerinin de bir kopyas\u0131 bulunuyor. Bu yuvarlak yap\u0131y\u0131 kuzeydo\u011fu b\u00f6lgesinden s\u0131n\u0131rlayan k\u00f6y evinin arkas\u0131n\u0131n kaz\u0131lmas\u0131yla s\u00fctunlu galerilerle \u00e7evrili olan ve M.S 400 y\u0131llar\u0131na ait oldu\u011fu saptanan bir cadde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131. Bu kaz\u0131larda elde edilen en g\u00fczel haberlerden birisinin s\u00fctun ve kiri\u015f par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n neredeyse b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn ele ge\u00e7mesi oldu ve mermer tamamlamalar\u0131 yap\u0131larak yeniden aya\u011fa dikildi.\"\"<\/p>\n<\/div>

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Mozaikli Hamam<\/strong><\/p>\n

Aizonai\u2019de uzun y\u0131llar s\u00fcren \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n sonucunda M.S 3. y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u015fehrin kuzeydo\u011fusuna in\u015fa edilen iki b\u00fcy\u00fck hamama ula\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. B\u00fcy\u00fck kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131 bloklardan olu\u015fan binan\u0131n i\u00e7inde yer alan hamamlardan birisinin zemininde mozaik s\u00fcslemeleri bulunuyor. Tarihler M.S 4 y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi\u011finde hamam\u0131n ana mekan\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczenlendi\u011fi ve erken Hristiyan cemaatinin y\u00f6neticili\u011finin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 piskoposluk merkezi olarak hizmet etti\u011fine ula\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

K\u00f6pr\u00fcler<\/strong><\/p>\n

Antik \u00e7a\u011fda Penkalas Nehri \u2013bug\u00fcnk\u00fc ismiyle Koca\u00e7ay\u2019\u0131n her iki yakas\u0131nda bulunan ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze uzanan yap\u0131 kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu Roma eserlerindendir. Aizanoi\u2019nin iki yakas\u0131n\u0131 birbirine ba\u011flayan d\u00f6rt k\u00f6pr\u00fcden ikisi bug\u00fcn dahi kullan\u0131m sunuyor.<\/p>\n

Antik Baraj ve Ta\u015f Ocaklar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sel basmalar\u0131 ve olas\u0131 felaketleri \u00f6nlemek amac\u0131yla Penkalas Nehri \u00fczerinde g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar korunarak gelmi\u015f bir baraj duvar\u0131 bulunur. Baraj duvar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcndeki kayal\u0131klarda o d\u00f6nemlerde buras\u0131n\u0131n ta\u015f oca\u011f\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair izler de yakalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/div>

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